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Fiqh (Jurisprudence)

“The meaning of the word fiqh is understanding, comprehension, knowledge, and jurisprudence in Islam. A jurist is called a Faqih who is an expert in matters of Islamic legal matters.Â A Faqih is to pass verdicts within the rules of the Islamic Law namely Shariah.Â The most famous scholars of Fiqh in the history Muslims are the founders of the four schools of thought in Islam: Imam Malik, Imam Ash-Shafi’i, Imam Abu Hanifah, and Imam Ahmad.Â Anything or action in Islam falls within the following five categories of Fiqh:FardhÂ (Must),Mandub(Reccomended),Mubah(Allowed),Makruh(Hated), Haram (Prohibited)”Â

“Fiqh literally means, the true understanding of what is intended. An example of this usage can be found in the Prophet Muhammad ’s [saaws] statement?: “To whosever Allah wished good, he gives the Fiqh (true understanding) of the deen”. Technically, however, fiqh referes to the science of deducing Islamic Laws from evidence found in the sources of Islamic law. By extension it also means the body of Islamic laws so deduced.” -Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips in: ‘The Evolution of Fiqh’